The Battle Of Midway Essay -- American History

The Battle of Midway On June third, 1942, the United States proclaimed war on Imperialistic Japan and Nazi Germany. Because of the besieging of the United States' maritime base at Pearl Harbor by the Japanese the U.S. had to make a move. The United States started their first maritime fight close to the Midway islands with regards to its pacific armada and situating. Halfway was the Japanese' last objective for its western extension in the Pacific. Soon after 12 PM on June 4th,1942, the United States assaulted an armada of Japanese vehicle ships. One American torpedo plane took out armada big hauler Akabono Maru. Later that morning at about 6:30am, Japanese planes started shelling halfway island establishments, however making negligible harm the U.S. maritime base. Somewhere in the range of 9:30am and 10:30am the U.S. took out Japanese plane carrying warship's Kaga, Akagi, and Soryu. During the fight the Japanese recouped three U.S. maritime pilots. Be that as it may, in the wake of cross examining these men, the Japanese killed them. On June fifth, 1942, a war vessel, under the order of Rear Admiral Spruance, sought after the Japanese armada westbound leaving rescue laborers to fix the U.S. airplane transporter Yorktown(which was harmed a day sooner by a Japanese submarine torpedo). The remainder of the air assaults of the fight occurred on June sixth, 1942, with the United States starting to develop triumphant with the sinking of 2 destroyers, 1 substantial cruiser, and 1 cruiser. In the interim a Japanese submarine torpedoed plane carrying warship Yorktown and the destroyer USS Hammann, however it took a day for the bearer to turn over and sink. The Japanese submarine got away with-out demolition not long after the torpedoing. (Maritime Historical Center, Battle of Midway:4-7 June 1942, Department of the Navy... ...he U.S. unlimited oversight over the Pacific Ocean. This annihilation additionally gave the Allies a flat out triumph over Japan and the rest of the Axis powers. The notorious Battle of Midway formally finished on June seventh 1942. Works Cited Baikie, Eric. Ngo, Kevin. Collins, McKenzie. Significant Battles of WWII. Viking Press. January 2002. Bruce, George Ocean Battles of the twentieth Century, Stopping the Tide: the Battle of Midway fourth - seventh 1942, Department of the Navy, May 1990 Cressman, Robert, J. No Closure Save Victory, Naval Historical Center, June 1998 Dingman, Roger, The starting points of maritime arms limitation,Power In The Pacific, Naval Institute Press, 1998. Maritime Historical Center, Skirmish of Midway: fourth - seventh June 1942, Department of the Navy. June, 30, 2003. Maritime Historical Center, Groundwork For Battle Department of the Navy, April 1999

Free Essays on I Love You Virus

ILOVEYOU (VBS.LoveLetter.A) is a Melissa-like worm that spreads through email and contaminates certain records. How Can It Spread? ILOVEYOU spreads through email. It shows up as a connection to an email message from somebody whose address book contains your email address. The headline is ILOVEYOU, and the message is mercifully check the appended LOVELETTER originating from me. The connection is titled LOVE-LETTER-FOR-YOU.TXT.vbs. When you open (click on) the connection, it naturally sends *itself to each address in your Microsoft Outlook address book. What Does It Do? At the point when executed, ILOVEYOU introduces itself in your framework and sends itself to all the addresses enlisted in your Microsoft Outlook address book. This can debase your framework execution and obstruct mail servers. An output of the visual essential code remembered for the connection uncovers that the infection might be ruining records finishing with .vbs, .vbe, .js, .jse, css, .wsh, .sct, .hta, .jpg, .jpeg, .mp2 or . hard drives just as mIRC (a variant of Internet Relay Chat). It additionally seems to reset the default start page for Internet Explorer. This update to Dr. Solomon or McAfee VirusScan will recognize the new ILOVEYOU infection. This worm is a VBS program that is sent connected to an email with the subject ILOVEYOU. The mail contains the message mercifully check the joined LOVELETTER originating from me, and the connection is called LOVE-LETTER-FOR-YOU.TXT.vbs. On the off chance that you open the connection, the worm executes, sending a duplicate of itself to each address recorded in your Microsoft Outlook address book. To utilize this record, duplicate the extra.dat document into the VirusScan establishment organizer and reboot the PC. Profile Virus Name VBS/Loveletter.a Aliases I-Worm.Loveletter, IRC/Loveletter, Loveletter, Troj/LoveLet-A, VBS.Loveletter.a Variants *Name Type Sub Type Differences VBS/Loveletter.b Virus VbScript Subject=Susitikim shi vakara kavos puodukui ... VBS/Loveletter.c Virus VbScript Files sent are Very Funny.vbs,... Free Essays on I Love You Virus Free Essays on I Love You Virus ILOVEYOU (VBS.LoveLetter.A) is a Melissa-like worm that spreads through email and taints certain records. How Can It Spread? ILOVEYOU spreads through email. It shows up as a connection to an email message from somebody whose address book contains your email address. The headline is ILOVEYOU, and the message is benevolently check the joined LOVELETTER originating from me. The connection is titled LOVE-LETTER-FOR-YOU.TXT.vbs. When you open (click on) the connection, it consequently sends *itself to each address in your Microsoft Outlook address book. What Does It Do? At the point when executed, ILOVEYOU introduces itself in your framework and sends itself to all the addresses enrolled in your Microsoft Outlook address book. This can corrupt your framework execution and stop up mail servers. A sweep of the visual fundamental code remembered for the connection uncovers that the infection might be debasing records finishing with .vbs, .vbe, .js, .jse, css, .wsh, .sct, .hta, .jpg, .jpeg, . mp2 or . hard drives just as mIRC (a form of Internet Relay Chat). It likewise seems to reset the default start page for Internet Explorer. This update to Dr. Solomon or McAfee VirusScan will distinguish the new ILOVEYOU infection. This worm is a VBS program that is sent connected to an email with the subject ILOVEYOU. The mail contains the message mercifully check the connected LOVELETTER originating from me, and the connection is called LOVE-LETTER-FOR-YOU.TXT.vbs. On the off chance that you open the connection, the worm executes, sending a duplicate of itself to each address recorded in your Microsoft Outlook address book. To utilize this document, duplicate the extra.dat record into the VirusScan establishment envelope and reboot the PC. Profile Virus Name VBS/Loveletter.a Aliases I-Worm.Loveletter, IRC/Loveletter, Loveletter, Troj/LoveLet-A, VBS.Loveletter.a Variants *Name Type Sub Type Differences VBS/Loveletter.b Virus VbScript Subject=Susitikim shi vakara kavos puodukui... V BS/Loveletter.c Virus VbScript Files sent are Very Funny.vbs,...

How To Ask For Feedback on Your Writing

How To Ask For Feedback on Your Writing No one was born a writer. All writers had to go through the process of “becoming a writer” and, if youve read as many writers biographies as I have, youll know that it wasnt an easy path for anyone. Maybe you want to ask for advice from a professional writer but youre afraid they wont respond. Its a logical assumption that they wont. Except for the fact that when they were starting out, many of todays successful writers had mentors who were experienced and established. Its not impossible to get a writer to respond to a cold email requesting their advice. But it is a delicate endeavor and one that requires some finesse. Here are some tips on how to persuade a writer to write you back: Read their work First of all, if youre going to write to a Stephen King or a Joyce Carol Oates and youve never read any of their work, you might want to either pick another author whose work you do know or crack open one or two of their books to get to know their writing better. Its only fair if youre asking them to read your works that youve at least done your homework and read some of theirs first. Do background research Read some interviews and biographical information about them. Follow their blog, Facebook Page or Twitter account if they have one. Find out what kind of philosophies they have about writing, how they got their start, what theyre currently working on. Having a feel for this information will help you craft a more personal letter. It will also help you not tread on their toes by accident. For example, if your chosen writer is an adamantly against e-books, you might not include the fact that youre considering publishing your work as an e-book. Work on your subject line As with all writing, when it comes to titles, headlines and email subject lines, its all about grabbing their attention. Its worth the time you put into perfecting your subject line pitch. Otherwise, even if you wrote the outstanding letter, you run the risk of them never even opening it. Consider sending snail mail Its easy to ignore an email. Hardly anybody receives real mail today. Theres something about the effort you had to go through to handwrite a letter, put a stamp on it and send it off in the mailbox. That differentiates you from someone who shot off 100 emails to a bunch of famous authors. Its the ultimate way to personalize a message. If you do send a letter by snail mail, make sure to include your email in the letter. Dont expect them to sit down and write you a letter in reply. Make it easy for writers you want to reach out. Why are you writing to them? Can you articulate why it is that youre writing to that authors in particular? Is it because you admire their work or youre writing a book on a similar subject as one of their books? Is it because of something they said in an interview that captured your attention? Why do you think their advice would be helpful to you? Explaining this to the writers will help them take your request more seriously. Keep it simple Youre probably aware that professional writers are busy people. Asking them to take time away from their own projects to help you with yours is a delicate matter, so do them a favor by getting to the point fairly quickly. Professionals will appreciate you keeping your message brief. You might even want to acknowledge that you know theyre busy and you appreciate them taking them time to read and respond to your message. What are your credentials? People like to help people who they think are going to succeed. If youve published any other works, you should reference them. If youve won any awards or have an MFA or worked as an assistant to a famous screenwriter or author, or have worked in editing or publishing, then it would be good to mention those things. Whatever credentials you can (briefly) provide will help them get an idea of who you are and why spending time reading your work wouldnt be a waste. Ask them something specific Try to ask writing experts something specific rather than something general. For example, dont ask: How do I get published? Thats way too general and an annoying question to most authors. Where to begin? Instead ask a specific question. Make it something thats relevant to their work or their experience that you think they will be able to give you the best answer about. Its much easier for someone to reply to a specific question than to reply to a request for “advice” in general. Do you have anything to offer them? If you have something special to offer that you think they might appreciate, go ahead and offer it. If the author lives in the same area as you, go ahead and offer to take them to lunch or buy them a coffee. Maybe their next book is set in Brazil and you lived there for three years. Offer to share some of your experiences that might be helpful to them. Make it easy for them to reach you Give authors a lot of options for reaching you. Everyone has their preferred form of communication, so give them your phone number, email, and Skype account. Let them know when youre available to talk and make sure youre available if they try to contact you. Thank them if they write back If you do manage to catch their attention and they decide to respond to your message, make sure to thank them. It really is a big deal that well-known writers took the time to reply to you, so the least you can do is acknowledge their effort by letting them know how much you appreciate it. It will also make it easier for them to respond to you should you reach out to them again.

Analysis Of The Movie Kabuki - 3062 Words

1. Kabuki - Kabuki is a style of Japanese theater that evolved from Noh theater. Noh was slow, contemplative, and philosophical, and eventually became so refined that it was considered inaccessible and reserved for the educated upper classes. Kabuki was developed by the rising middle class as popular entertainment, and included stylized fighting, aerial stunts, exaggerated makeup and costuming, and physical and verbal comedy. 2. Nixon in China - Nixon in China is an American opera portraying President Nixon’s historic visit to China. The opera pulls influences from the highly stylized Beijing opera performance style, and portrays the clash of Asian and Western cultures that was manifested in the US’ tense relationship with China prior to Nixon’s visit. 3. Center Stage Left - In traditional western theater stages (as opposed to street theater or theater-in-the-round) this is an area of the stage that is about halfway between the front edge and the back wall, and to the left (as you are facing the audience) of the middle of the stage. 4. Prop - a prop is any object that the actor can use to assist in conveying motion, meaning, or energy. Props are representative of the setting in which a play takes place; for example, a water bottle is representative of the type of technologically and economically advanced society that has the resources to manufacture it. 5. Kivgiq - the Kivgiq, or â€Å"Messenger Feast,† is a festival put on by the Northern Boroughs of Alaska. The festivalShow MoreRelatedCountry Analysis - Japan5097 Words   |  21 PagesCountry Analysis Japan Table of Contents Subject Page History 3 Physical Environment 4 Economic Environment 5 Social Structure 8 Living Conditions 13 Demographics 16 Religion 17 Arts 20 Movies 21 Language 22 Core Values 23 References 25 History Japan gained independence in 660 BC. The national holiday is December 23 (1933), which is the birthdayRead MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 PagesPhenomenology of the Narrative, 16 II Problems of Film Semiotics Chapter 3. Chapter 4. Chapter 5. The Cinema: Language or Language System? 31 Some Points in the Semiotics of the Cinema, 92 Problems of Denotation in the Fiction Film, 108 III Syntagmatic Analysis of the Image Track Chapter 6. Outline of the Autonomous Segments in Jacques Rozier s film Adieu Philippine, 149 Chapter 7. Syntagmatic Study of Jacques Rozier s Film Adieu Philippine, 177 vii viii CONTENTS IV The Modern Cinema: Some Theoretical

How to Write a Homeschooling Philosophy Statement

A homeschooling philosophy statement is a useful tool both for your own planning and for explaining what your student has learned to schools and colleges. It is easy to be swayed by the latest and greatest curriculum on the market or to stress when your student struggles academically. A homeschooling philosophy statement can help you evaluate curriculum choices in light of your homeschools purpose and keep your overall goals at the forefront when the steps to reach them are proving difficult. When your student begins applying to colleges, it is helpful to include an explanation of your goals and methods with his applications. It is particularly helpful for parents who use a narrative transcript that doesnt include grades to explain their familys goals in designing their homeschooling courses. Sample Homeschooling Philosophy Statement A homeschooling philosophy statement may include specific goals in some subjects, such as in the area of language arts, math, science, and social studies. Read this sample statement below, and use it as a model to create your own. Our Homeschooling Goals As teacher and parent, my goal in homeschooling is to give my children the skills and information they need to become successful adults. When presenting a subject, I focus on those aspects I believe will continue to be useful once the course is done. Instead of covering large amounts of material superficially, we try to delve more deeply into fewer topics. Whenever possible, I also try to let my children incorporate their own interests into whatever we are studying. For the most part we do not use textbooks, but rely on books written by experts for a general audience. The one exception is math, for which we use traditional textbooks. In addition, we use documentaries, videos, websites, magazines, and newspapers; related art, literature, drama and movies; news stories; family discussions; and hands-on projects and experiments. We also take advantage of classes, lectures, and performances for high school students or the general public at local colleges and other learning institutions. And we made field trips to museums, studios, workshops, farms, factories, parks and nature preserves, landmarks, and historic sites. Time is also allowed for pursuing individual interests and projects that are not part of any structured homeschool program. In my childrens case this included computer game design, robotics, writing, film making, and animation. I do not issue grades, except as required for early enrollment in community college classes. Testing is limited to standardized tests as required by the state, and tests in the math textbooks. Their level of understanding is demonstrated through discussion, writing, and other projects. Where workbooks and textbooks are used, we only move ahead when material is mastered, and go back and review when necessary. Language Arts The overall goal in language arts is to foster a love of reading and an appreciation for different types of literature and informational writing, to use their own writing as a creative outlet, and to develop the skills to entertain, convey information, and express opinions to other readers. Reading is done on an individual basis, as part of homeschool book discussion groups, and as a family. Selections include a mix of short stories, novels, non-fiction works and news and analysis. Plays and films are also given a critical analysis. Writing includes essays, research papers, poetry, creative writing, blogs, journals, and personal projects. Math In math, the goal is to help my children develop number sense by showing what is going on behind the algorithms and encouraging them to employ a variety of ways to solve a problem, if appropriate. We do this with carefully chosen textbooks, hands-on manipulatives, and by using math in other school projects and everyday life. Science For science, the goal is to understand the concepts underlying the different disciplines and how they apply to the world around us. We mainly focus on new discoveries and areas of research and their effect. A large part of our studies include designing and carrying out observations and hands-on lab activities. We also learn about scientists and science hobbyists through reading, videos, lectures, and visits to museums, research centers and colleges. Social Studies In social studies, the goal is to explore interesting people, places, and times throughout history around the world, and to gain the background needed to give context to present-day events. After covering the history of the world and the United States chronologically over several years (beginning in the elementary grades), we are focusing on special topics and on current events. Every year includes an in-depth history research project on a chosen topic. These can incorporate biographies, geography, literature, film, and visual arts. How to Write a Homeschooling Philosophy Statement To craft your own homeschooling philosophy or mission statement, ask yourself questions such as: What are my basic goals for homeschooling? When my children graduate, they should be able to...What are my overall goals for each subject?Why did we decide to homeschool?Why do we continue to homeschool?What do we hope to accomplish by homeschooling that could not be accomplished in a traditional school setting?What life skills do I want my children to have?What are our familys priorities (i.e. academic success, community involvement, specific character traits)?What does the ideal homeschool day look like to me? To my children?What are our goals, short-term and long-term?How is learning accomplished in our home?What materials do we use to accomplish our educational goals? Use your answers to those questions and the sample above to craft a unique philosophy statement that captures and outlines your familys homeschooling purpose. Updated by Kris Bales

Comparing The Cask of Amontillado and The Interlopers Essays

Comparing The Cask of Amontillado and The Interlopers Literary devices are tools used by the author to help the reader understand a given literary work. Writers use different literary devices depending on their style and what they wish their reader to get out of their work. One important literary device that is essential for a successful literary work is theme. Theme is the general insight into life that the author shares with the reader. There are a number of different methods from which an author can choose to present his/her theme. One common strategy is to communicate the theme through the use of mood; the overall feeling or emotion conjured within the reader. In Edgar Allan Poes short story, The Cask of†¦show more content†¦This mood presents the theme that uncontrollable anger leads to violence. In a similar way, a mode of deepening anger towards Fortunato is created as Montresor continues to lead the drunken Fortunato deeper down into the earth. Montresor says, I passed down a long and winding staircase...and arrived at a deep crypt, in which the foulness of the air caused our flambeaux rather to glow than to flame (6). This mood of deepening, suffocating anger communicates the general theme that overwhelming anger leads to violence. Finally, when Montresor says to Fortunato, I must positively leave you (8), he shows his cruel intention to leave Fortunato forever. This shows a mood of evilness and rage. Furthermore, a mood of terror and violence is demonstrated when he states, A succession of loud and shrill screams, bursting suddenly from the throat of a chained form seemed to thrust me violently back (9). These quotes demonstrate that his deepening and uncontrollable anger did lead to the violent act of killing Fortunato. Therefore, the mood of impending evil, terror, and violence communicates the theme that uncontrollable anger can lead to violence. Similarly, in Sakis short story, The Interlopers, the mood helps to illustrate the overall theme of the literary piece. One example is that the author establishes the mood of vengeance and hostility as the author states, Ulrich von Grandwitz patrolled the dark forest

Dead Poets Archetypes Essay Example For Students

Dead Poets Archetypes Essay Directors use many different techniques when filming a movie. Unlike other forms of storytelling, movie directors have completely control of what the viewer sees. An author picks words to describe what they see, but most words have multiple meanings. This can lead to confusion about many scenes in numerous books. Stage directors can pick the set, the costumes, and the actors, but what an audience member sees is still up to the work of others. Also, no two shows are ever identical, so you could see a play on a Wednesday, and then go on Thursday and things would append differently. Films, however, are completely under the directors control. Once something Is filmed and added, It stays that way forever. That Is what gives them such great power, but also great responsibility. One of those responsibilities is making their message and theme clear to the audience. This is achieved in Dead Poets Society by the use of the Trickster and Scapegoat Archetypes though Mr.. Keating, as well as the Monmouth Archetype through Todd Anderson. The Archetype of the Trickster Is one of great Importance to both the characters of a film, and the risers. The Trickster uses elements such as shock and humor to get his message across to the people around him. In the case of film this is to the audience of the picture, and the characters in it. This character is one that can bring humor and entertainment to a film, but most importantly it expresses one the greatest messages the film contains. Without the Trickster the audience would not receive the message in the same manner the characters do. Often when the characters of the film are shocked, the audience Is able to feel that emotion, and share In It. If the same usage was being conveyed by the Benevolent Guide, then the message would have likely not been made clear, or relevant, to the audience. For the message to be made clear by this Archetype, the audience members would have to be going through the same trials as the characters, which is highly unlikely, making the Trickster a valued and important character in film. In Dead Poets Society, Robin Williams character John Keating Is the Trickster of the film. Keating takes the seemingly cookie-cutter prep school world and tries to rebel against It. Mom of the first scenes of the film are of classrooms with normal searchers teaching students. It is hard to distinguish one teacher from another in the collection of clips. Most are speaking in the same monotone voice, lecturing to their class from the textbook in their hands. Then we are shown Keating. Mr.. Keating breaks the rhythm of this orchestrated institution. He does not read directly from a textbook In the front of the classro om. In fact, one of the first things he does Is walk out of the classroom and begin speaking to the students In the hallway. He brings them to a wall of pictures and shows them the similarities between the photographed boys and themselves. He then begins to speak to the boys about their similar fates, and how one day they will end up dead just like the boys in the pictures. This first experience with Mr.. Keating leaves the boys, and the audience, in a slight state of shock. He presents their world to them in a way that no other teacher what it stands for. Keating also shocks the students when he has them rip out the beginning of their poetry textbooks, which explains what poetry is and how you should rate it. The students are reluctant to do so at first, possibly thinking that this is a trick. Slowly, though, one by one, they rip out the beginning pages. This is a large step for Keating and for the boys. It shows that Keating is beginning to get through to them, and they are beginning to trust him. Ripping up parts of textbooks goes against everything these boys have been taught their entire academic careers, and it shows great faith and influence on the part of Mr.. Keating, for them to do such a thing. This also demonstrates Settings relentlessness to break away from the society he and the students are in. Poetry Argumentative EssayWhen Nils father discovers that he is still in the play, he takes Neil home when it is over. Once home, he tells Neil that he is going to drop out of his private school and enroll in military school. This would extend Nils academic career, and abolish all hopes of becoming an actor. This is too much for Neil to handle, and that night he kills himself n his fathers study. His parents needed someone to blame, and they looked to the school for help. Keating was an outcast in the school society by every standard. He had different teaching styles, different beliefs, and different ways of interacting with students. He pushed the boys to believe in themselves, and not Just to believe in what they were told. This caused him to be disconnected from the rest of the staff, his peers on the school society. These factors led to him being the perfect Scapegoat for Nils suicide. His different ideals and motivations became viewed as the fuel that pushed a student o far, and to his breaking point. What Nils parents failed to recognize was that it was not Mr.. Keating that was responsible for Nils unhappiness, it was they and their oppressive attitude. Mr.. Keating only let Neil know there was a way out; he did not decide which door Neil should go through. As for the Monmouth, it is fulfilled by Todd Anderson. Todd is able to come full circle with a new appreciation on how he should live his life during this film. In the beginning he is Just like every other boy in the school. He does what is expected of him because that is Just the way things are. The boy is meant to go to school and hen do what his father does, or what his father expects of him, at least until he is on his own. Through meeting Neil, and taking Mr.. Settings class, things being to change for Todd however. Suddenly he is looking at things in new and different ways. Things as basic as poetry can now be examined in new ways, which leads to his examination of more important things. This is held true all the way to Nils suicide. The suicide seems to hit all of the boys hard, but it devastates Todd the most. This is made clear when he breaks away from the other boys and runs toward the frozen lake in anguish and completely broken. Todd knows why Neil killed himself; he could not take sacrificing his desires to fulfill his parents expectations. Todd also knows that Mr.. Keating did nothing wrong. Without going on his Journey, Todd would not have been able to gain this insight into the lives of the people around him. Toddys Journey is finally completed when he stands on the desk, as Mr.. Keating is about to walk out expulsion from school, but that no longer matters to him. He does not belong in this cookie-cutter society that he once fit into perfectly. His Journey gave him insight, and allowed him to transcend his former state of mind.

IT Risk Management free essay sample

You have been asked to help upgrade the LAN at a very successful ABC firm with five departments in one building and a total of 560 employees. Although the firm’s employees understand accounting, they haven’t spent much time improving their network. Currently, it runs 10Base-T Ethernet and relies on 35 hubs to connect every user workstation to the network. Most of these workstations were purchased within the past two years, when the firm experienced a growth spurt. The hubs are connected to the backbone via switches. The CPA firm wants to upgrade its LAN, but not at great cost. It also wants to ensure that it can easily expand its LAN in the future. It has already decided to use a version of Windows 2008 as its network operating system. What kind of LAN will you design for this company? Describe its physical and logical topologies, what access method it will use, and what Physical layer standard this access method should rely on. We will write a custom essay sample on IT Risk Management or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page What types of infrastructure upgrades are necessary to implement your suggested network? The ABC firm that has five departments in the building those all connected with LAN and total employees of 560, which currently runs 10Base-T Ethernet and relies on 35 hubs. These workstations were purchased in last two years, but they are experiencing slow network connectivity. Based on the current situation, they have decided to use Windows 2008 OS version. Though, this firm has a limited budget, where the firm bought some hardware and software. The IT world uses very high-grade equipments through which we can integrate and update the existing network. The below design shows the hubs which are upgraded by me to switches and these are much better than hubs. Each department has 112 employees and we got five departments, which are connected with one router. I recommend for this network that every department should have one printer which must be connected with the same network. Based on the size of the firm and for a higher growth in the near future, my recommendation to the firm is that it should have a secure, intelligent and much faster network, which leads to upgrade the current network. I have modified extended star topology that one router gets connected with the internet and also with all five department’s switches. Every department has 112 employees and we are using five switches for each department whereas one of the switches connects to main router and the rest of the switches connect with other router. This way we get 120 ports in each department in which we are providing printers that will connect to one of the switches of that department. Thus, we can bring 112 ports in use and the rest will be left safe for future expand without any exorbitant cost or moving a lot of equipments. We can add printer, fax, workstation, or other things as well in these ports. If the firm would have more employees or workstations, then the firm would add new switch connect all workstations to that switch which one connected with the same department’s switch. PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY: Physical topology means the physical design of a network including the devices, location and cable installation. It is the physical structure of the network. LOGICAL TOPOLOGY: Logical topology refers to how data is actually transferred in a network as opposed to its physical design. In general, physical topology relates to a core network whereas logical topology relates to basic network. The logical topology is the way that the signals act on the network media, or the way that the data passes through the network from one device to the next without regard to the physical interconnection of the devices. LAN ACCESS METHOD: Local area network (LAN) access methods, such as CSMA/CD in Ethernet, transfer data to and from connected computers on the network. These methods reference layers 1 and 2 of the OSI model. CSMA/CD: It is used with bus and some star topologies. It operates by contention; each terminal competes for access to the bus. A terminal wishing to transmit attempts this when the bus is quiet. Concurrently, received signals are monitored by this terminal to check for corruption resulting from collision with another transmission present at the same time. In the event of such a collision its effect at this terminal is enforced with the use of a jamming signal and all current transmissions are stopped. Repeated retransmissions are made, with designed in-delays to reduce the probability of further collisions, until successful transmission occurs. When carrying long data packets over short cables and with offered traffic of about 20% or less of maximum, the systems works extremely well. TDMA: It was originally devised for digital microwave and satellite communications systems. It is still used with many such systems as well as with some fiber optic systems. Fixed time slots are made available, regardless of whether they are actually used. The complete end-to-end bit sequences within each time slots are usually called a serial packet, each of which comprises source and destination address, data bits, control and status bits. The system is accessed through terminal stations and repeaters. Transmission is into an empty packet or packets and reception occurs via packet address recognition. A monitor station monitors the integrity of the system during normal operation and places framing bits around packets in the initializing process. WORKGROUP SWITCHES: Firm has the smallest of the switching hubs. They usually have between 8 and 12 ports per hub used to connect stations and the servers these stations need to access. If selecting this type of hub, this kind of hub not intelligent like switches and not reliable to secure either to ensure that firm for growth. Those hubs can’t be taking too much load that’s why network is too slow. So see the future growth I decide to change hub to switches. DEPARTMENTAL SWITCHES In new design, there are switches connected to other department as that and main switch connecting with other department switches and server as well. DISADVANTAGE: Newly designed Ethernet a central connection point might be desirable for security or restricted access, but this is also a major disadvantage of a star topology if the central device fails, the whole network becomes disconnected. When a star network is expanded to include an additional networking device that is connected for the main networking device, it is called an extended star topology.

Film Critique of Selznicks films

Film Critique of Selznicks films "I have a different concept of producing thanother producers. Some producers are money men,and others are just lieutenants. For me toproduce is to make a picture. As a producer,I can maintain an editorial perspective thatI wouldn't have as a director. I considermyself first a creative producer, then a showmanand then a businessman. You need all three thingsto succeed in the business today."-David O. SelznickThe film Since You Went Away was released in 1944. This epic film attempted to relate to the American audience that was dealing with the war foreclosing and the flux of soldiers coming home at the time. The Hollywood studios were constantly trying to do their part for the war buy making films about the war in a fairy tale "Hollywood" style. Since You Went Away crossed these boundaries, and the movie audience at the time, positively responded for this reason.David-selznick united-artists-photoThe producer and screenwriter of the film knew America craved this portrayal. Critics of t he film from this period, applauded it's "realism", but in hindsight studies of the film in the seventies and eighties were a little more critical of the film. David O. Selznick was the man behind the visionof this film and Selznick is best known for film classic's like; Gone With the Wind, (from which the12.formula of this movie draws heavily from) Rebecca, and King Kong. This film was a special project for Selznick at the time, and it was seen as his contribution to the war effort. The academy awards recognized Selznick's effort and nominated his film for best picture of 1944.David Selznick was known as a one of the great creative producers- along side Walt Disney. A creative producer is usually "a powerful mogul who...

The overcoat Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The overcoat - Essay Example In reply to their witty statements, Akaky calmly retorts, â€Å"Leave me alone! Why do you insult me?† (Gogol, 2006, p. 5). Akaky maintains a very intimate relationship with his work as a civil servant. He keeps immersed in work all the time. He remains so busy in copying all the time, that everything else is non-existent for him in his life. He lives an empty life and cares only for work. He does not even take care of his personal hygiene. Prior to obtaining the overcoat, Akaky maintains an introverted image. He is essentially a person with no hope for materialistic success or socialization. Soon after he obtains the overcoat, his colleagues take notice of that and make compliments on the overcoat. This raises the self esteem of Akaky manifolds and changes his social life drastically. The overcoat lends Akaky a new identity that he can proudly carry in the social circle. This improves his relationship with peers and he becomes optimistic about his career and future. Therefore , buying a new overcoat turned out to be an extremely fateful decision for Akaky. Upon having his overcoat lost, Akaky approach a Very Important Person upon the advice of a fellow clerk that works in his department. In the story, The Most Important Person represents the people in power. Accordingly, his attitude is the portrayal of the way a common man is treated by those in power in the society.

Competition in Energy Drinks Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Competition in Energy Drinks - Case Study Example More consumers have developed preference for drinks other than carbonated drinks. The demand for alternative beverages in the US in 2009 contributed to the global demand considerably, with close to half of the demand for beverages coming from the US. Sales in the US made up 42.3% of the $40.2 billion in sales in 2009. The alternative beverage section changed the status-quo in the beverage industry, since it was, at the beginning, a unique product that offered better nutritional quality. The alternative beverage section of the beverage industry has unique economic characteristics too. To begin with, the growth of the segment depends on the purchasing power of the consumer. As more consumers become more economically empowered and their desire to have healthier lifestyles increases, they tend to switch from the carbonated drinks to the alternative beverages. Secondly, the alternative beverage section appeals to all age groups in the society (Christou & Vettas, 2003). Carbonated drinks are more associated with adults than school-going children because of the chemical components. Analysts in the industry project a decline in the sales figures for carbonated soft drinks and an increase in sales of sports drinks, ready-to-drink tea, energy drinks, bottled water, fruit juices, and vitamin-enhanced beverages among other types of alternative beverages, setting the ground for competition among companies producing alternative beverages. Competition in the beverage industry is considerably intense, with the established companies such as PepsiCo and Coca-Cola facing stiff competition from other companies such as Redbull (Gerber, 2010). Other companies other than PepsiCo, Coca-Cola and Redbull, with a 55% market share, dominate the larger share of the global market. In the United States, PepsiCo had the larger share at 47.8%, while the other companies had 31.5% of the total market share. Both

Class Scheduling System Essay Example for Free

Class Scheduling System Essay College and university campuses frequently struggle with the task of getting academic classes and the wide variety of non-academic meetings and events that they host into the appropriate rooms. Ensuring the availability of the necessary services and resources can also be difficult. How Class Schedule Maker Software Can Help You A class schedule maker will go a long way in making life easier for students as this automates the process of scheduling classes to some extent. It is a useful tool that will save a lot of time. College days are tough as students have to juggle time between studies and part-time jobs to keep them afloat meanwhile and some students also have to participate in sports and athletics. And classes are only available at certain times and students have to wrap their schedule around these. A tool that will help with scheduling will be really helpful for students and teachers alike. College teachers have some of the best and most respected jobs. But enriching the intellect of young minds takes a lot of responsibility as the competence of the teacher plays a part in deciding to what extent the student will excel in that subject. And for this teachers have to spend a lot of time preparing proper study material. And if you put yourself in the academician’s shoes, you will see that this is quite difficult. Plus, there is the added responsibility of scheduling classes. This would be unnecessary added stress to the teachers and an electronic aid to help them will prove to be really helpful. A graphic representation of data is always useful and this is one of the benefits of a class schedule maker. They say a picture is worth a thousand words and nowhere is this truer than in the case of pie charts and bar graphs which say a lot in a very few words. By creating customized graphic layouts, you can easily view schedules at a glance and manage your time accordingly. Instead of wasting time scheduling the studies, teachers can now focus on the actual studies and this results in increased productivity gains for both students and teachers who can now utilize their time more efficiently. A Genetic Algorithm Based University Timetabling System The annual construction of an Exam Timetable is a common problem for all institutions of higher education. Quite often it is done by hand or with the limited help of a simple administration system and usually involves taking the previous year’s timetable and modifying it so it will work for the new year. Many British institutions are now introducing the concept of the modular degree. This gives the students much greater flexibility in what courses they take as well as giving a much greater choice. For the timetable, this, and the recent growth in student numbers, means that the timetable will be more constrained than ever. It is no longer good enough to use the previous year’s timetable. Every year a new timetable must be produced to take account of staff, student and course changes causing a necessarily large amount of administrative work. COMPLETE CAMPUS SCHEDULING With EMS Campus, all the functionality necessary for handling the many facets of campus-wide space management – academic scheduling, event management, meeting scheduling, resource tracking – is seamlessly integrated into one â€Å"complete campus scheduling† product. For the academic departments and registrars working to ensure that every class meets in a location and at a time that is acceptable to professors and students, the system provides automatic room assignment within user-supplied parameters, integration with your SIS/ERP software and efficient online collaboration tools. It also simplifies final exam scheduling. Meeting and event staff have access to a powerful array of tools for booking single- or multi-day events, reserving the services and resources required for those events, producing operational and statistical reports, and tracking financial transactions. For those tasked with publishing a web calendar for the campus, the Virtual EMS component of the system makes it simple. ACADEMIC SCHEDULING SOFTWARE VS TIMETABLING SOFTWARE Unlike timetabling software or timetable software, which is typically used to create a class schedule from scratch each semester, academic scheduling software allows you to roll existing schedules forward and modify them, making the scheduling process more efficient. Simple data entry It is quick and easy to enter all subjects, classes, classrooms, teachers and their contracts. The application also enables creating all specific divisions of classes into groups. It is possible to unite more classes into one lesson or to have more teachers for one lesson. Automatic generating In few minutes, the program generates a complete timetable that fulfills all your requirements. The program follows all psycho hygienic and organizational requirements such as: * The minimization of gaps in teachers schedules the limitation of maximal number of gaps in teachers schedules, as well as the limitation of days, when teachers teach. * A class of a subject has to be distributed equably in the entire week. * Verification of succession of entire and divided classes. * Placing lessons into allowed classrooms. * And many more Verification of the timetable The program verifies the data entered and helps you remove standard entry errors. It also verifies, whether the created timetable fulfills all conditions. You can make changes to the timetable, and the program notifies you, in case of illegal changes. Complete print You can print your timetable. The program automatically creates timetables for each class, teacher or classroom. It creates summary timetables of classes, teachers or classrooms for the entire school. Once printed it helps you easily assign substituting teachers when necessary. You can specify which classes, teachers or classrooms you want to print in each summary timetable.

Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin In The Sun Essay -- essays research pap

The play depicts the feelings and thoughts of the people of their time. Their feelings are different then what we see today in our lives. The family had to deal with poverty and racism. Not having enough money and always being put down because of the color of their skin held them back from having a lot of self-respect and dignity. I think that Mama was the one who had the most pride and held the family together. Ruth was being prevented from having a baby because of money problems, Walter was bringing him self down by trying to make the liquor store idea work. Once Mama decided to buy the house with the money she had received, Walter figured that he should further go on with the liquor store idea. Then, when Walter lost the money, he lost his dignity and tried to get some money from the â€Å"welcome party† of Cylborne Park. Mama forced him to realize how far he went by making him show himself to his son how low he would go. But he showed that he wasn’t susceptible to the ways the racism created. Raisin In the Sun Dreams can be seen in many ways. A dream could be something you had in the night that seems so real, or a dream could be your fantasy, where everything is going your way. The last type of dream is something that has more of a deep sense and plays an important role in your life. The type the dream the Younger family had. Each individual had their own hopes and anticipated something. Walter and his chance to be big and important with his liquor store, Beneatha and becomin...

Childrens Drawings

What do children’s drawings tell us about children’s minds? The topic of children’s drawings and their relation to a child’s cognitive processes, particularly thoughts is a topic of great interest. It is widely believed that children often express feelings, thoughts and messages which they cannot express through words through drawing pictures. This essay reviews previous research conducted on children’s drawings and aims to assess what exactly it tells us about their minds and what messages they are putting down in drawings.Following an overview of drawing and the cognitive development, this essay evaluates a selection of relevant research studies into children’s drawings and minds and aims to understand some specific symbols which are often drawn by young children and the meaning of these graphic images. According to Thomas & Silk (1990), children’s drawings have a variety of different purposes varying from bringing pleasure and enjoy ment to themselves, decorating walls and expressing feelings and showing others how they feel about certain objects or people. N. R.Smith (1973) believes that the child begins the drawing with no intention or symbolisation, but as the drawing progresses a pattern is made and the child sees a representation and then proceeds to make the rest of the drawing shift towards this representation and builds on that. The basic pattern of children’s development of drawings begins at scribbles which appear from 12 months. The scribbles are non-representational and just involve the progressive control of movement. These scribbles tend to be viewed as gestures rather than drawing in true sense of the world according to Vygotsky.Arnheim (1956) believes that the earliest scribbles are a motor impulse, this simply means the child has no intention to draw a representation of an object or event it is just a coincidence. They begin to progress from 20 months of age where the scribbles being to become representational and the marks stand for whole objects. Cognitive psychologists tend to search these scribbles for visual resemblance where they attempt to make some sense of it. There is often some intended meaning within the scribbles, for example dots representing foot prints but not true representation.Symbolic pictures start to appear around 3 years of age where children begin to understand that pictures represent objects and begin to start drawing simple pictures of people. Over time more realistic pictures are drawn around 5/6 years old and at 6/7 years old children begin to use size, position and composition to show depth, those of which allow more natural representations of the real world and tend to have a more significant meaning. Luquet (1927) and later on Piaget & Inhelder (1969) invented the Stage Theory of Drawing.This is the belief that drawings are external representations of the child’s internal model which is their mental picture. The stage theory co nsists of four stages. The first stage is fortuitous realism which occurs at 1. 5-2. 5 years old and consists of labelling objects in scribbles. The second stage is failed realism (2/5-5 years old), representational intention but tends to be inaccurate. The third stage being intellectual realism (5-8 years old), drawing what the child knows rather than what they see and the fourth stage, visual realism which is beyond 8 years old which is where the child actually draws what they see.There has been evidence to back up the stage theory, for example Freeman & Janikoun (1972) conducted a study in 1972 on 5-7 year olds. They were asked to draw a mug in front of them which had the handle out of view. Results found that under 8 year olds who would be in the intellectual stage drew the mug which included the hidden parts as they would be drawing what they knew, whereas the 8 year olds and over who would be in the Visual stage drew only what they could see.However the stage theory has been c riticised for the stages being too rigid leading to underestimating the child’s ability. Barret, Beaumont & Jennett (1985) also found that instructions can have an impact on the child’s drawing. They found that if children were given standard instructions, i. e. just telling them to draw what they can see, only 11% of drawings would be correct whereas if they were given explicit instructions, i. e. draw exactly what they can see and look at it very carefully in order to draw it as you see, 65% of drawings were correct.It is also argue that the stage theory can vary over different cultures. The human figure is a drawing particularly investigated as it is regarded to be a way in which children express something about themselves. Researchers believe they can explain a child’s personality and their current emotional state. Tests were created to investigate this, for example the Kinetic Family Drawings Test claimed to measure how children felt about the topics in the drawing and their wider environment.However further research was conducted to assess the reliability and validity of this test and results proved to be quite poor meaning the test was not a reliable indicator of children’s emotions and drawings. However it is the more recent research which is providing evidence that children’s drawings do show children’s feelings as they tend to focus more on particular drawing styles, drawing size and colour which show that the drawings can be investigated systematically (Burkitt, 2004).This can cause some confusion though because it is difficult to understand what aspect of emotion a child is conveying through a large or small figure, however as this topic is increasingly looked it, it is coming to the conclusion that if the child is feeling happy and feels positive towards the figure they are drawing then the figure size tends to be larger whereas a smaller figure will be used if the child is feeling negative. This is useful in understanding how children are feeling simply by analysing their drawings.Children’s drawings are often described as a mirror of a child’s representational development, meaning that as children grow older they develop more complex and representational strategies of drawing. These are also furthermore differentiated by gender. A study conducted by Cherney et al. (2006) collected drawings from 109 5-13 year olds of the child’s family and school. The results showed significant age and gender differences revolving around the amount of detail included in the drawings of the school showing that females included more.The drawings also showed stereotypical drawings between males and females pictures showing that genders represent families differently. The drawings of the families suggested that the female’s drawings may represent their experiences with family relationships and they tend to value these relationships more than males. These results also showed t hat with age, the drawings became more realistic which supports the findings of several previous studies on drawing development with age leading to more representational drawings.Girls also drew the female figures taller than the boys which may be reflective of how she feels about the relationships in her life and that she values her fellow female friends more dearly. The taller figures can also indicate high self-esteem. It is suggested that differences in motor skills may confound the findings. The colours used in children’s drawings can also help play a part in discovering the child’s mind. For example Dr Winter (2006) states that when a child draws in dark colours such as black and grey, it does not immediately mean that there is something wrong with the child, however if the child is onstantly using black, grey and other dark colours in favour of other brighter, cheerful colours, it could suggest the child has some sort of problem which is worth investigating. A s tudy by E. Burkitt & A. Davis (2003) was conducted to investigate the use of children’s colour choice in drawings and how these colours related to what they thought of the drawings. It consisted of 330 4-11 year olds. It was found that children used the colours which they preferred more to colour in the objects they thought to be nice and used their least favourite colours for the objects they thought to be nasty.It was also found that the colour black was the most frequently used colour used for the negative images. These findings help interpret children’s drawings just by looking at what colours are used and this will help give an understanding of the child’s thoughts on the object. So in general children’s drawings which use bright and bold colours tend to be viewed as positive and assume the child is experience happy cognitions whereas when a child uses dark colours it is assumed that the child may be experiencing distress and negative cognitions.Howe ver Burkitt (2003) criticised this and argued that when a child uses a dark colour it may not necessarily mean they are expressing a negative attitude, it could simply be that the child favours this colour and they want to express this in their drawing by using their favourite colour. The things that children may not be able to tell themselves can often be found through interpretations and observations of their drawings of graphic symbols.Previous research found the main and clearest signs found in drawings are over sized ears without earrings which could suggest the child is experiencing some sort of verbal abuse in their life, big hands in a drawing suggest that the child is experiencing some sort of physical abuse and aggression, if a drawing of a person has no mouth it is suggested that the child finds it difficult to communicate and drawings of a person with jagged teeth, spiked fingers and hair relate to aggressive behaviour.However to properly interpret children’s draw ings, these patterns must be consistent over time and not just occur once otherwise it is highly likely it will have no meaning or representation and is just a random occurrence with significance at all. Wales believes that as we begin to summarize characteristics of children’s drawings and watch them develop and change throughout childhood we soon see that the observations that are made on the hildren’s drawings are in fact the product of our own interpretations and what we believe the picture is showing. The question of how children draw pictures which differ so much from adults is a major question which often causes debates such as is there actually a message there or is it just a typical child’s drawing which has no significance or meaning whatsoever.Many questions arise involving this research area once people attempt to make sense of children’s drawings, however many people believe children’s drawings should be left as they are without invest igation as they believe it is mysterious and imaginative. The research looked into for this essay has shown that the main indicators used in children’s drawings which help to understand children’s thoughts, messages and emotions are the colours used and the figure size.The research into children’s drawings in relation to children’s minds has found many results showing that drawings do relate to the child’s cognitions however all research into interpreting children’s drawings and what it tells us about their minds can be criticised because it could just be that the child enjoys drawing something particular and their decision to draw what they are drawing is always influenced by their own knowledge of the object and their own thoughts and interpretations on the object and what bits are important about it.The drawing is a representation of how the child sees the world themselves and it is thought that to alter this information by adding adult i nterpretations and to investigate more into it is a shame. As the child’s cognition capacity increasing, children are more able to express representations as they move from simple drawings, to complex drawings. It is difficult to conclude whether these drawings actually represent something to the child or whether it is simply our own interpretations and representations. References Barret, Beaumont & Jennett. (1985).The effect of instructions on view-specificity in young children’s drawing and picture selection. The British Psychological Society, 8 (4), 393-400. Burkitt, E. & Davis, A. (2003). Children’s colour choices for completing drawings of affectively characterised topics. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 44, 445-455. Burkitt, E. (2004). Drawing conclusions from children’s art. The Psychologist, 17, 566-568. Cherney et al. (2006). Children’s drawings: A mirror to their minds. Educational Psychology, 26 (1), 12 7-142. Chia, N. (2006, October 26). Understand your children through their drawings.LESNET Web Blog. Retrieved December 12, 2012, from http://www. lsesnet. com/blog/? p=28 Freeman, N, H. & Janikoun, R. (1972). Intellectual realism in children’s drawings of a familiar object with distinctive features. Child Development, 43 (3), 1116-1121. Grieve, R. & Hughes, M. (1991). Understanding children. 140-144. Luquet. (1927). Stage Theory of Drawing Meadows, S. (1993). Children’s drawings. The child as a thinker. The development and acquisition of cognition in childhood. 94-96. Thomas, G. & Silk,A. (1990). An introduction to the psychology of children’s drawings. Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf. Self-Reflective Assessment 1/ How did you search for and identify suitable reading for this assignment? Has your reading been sufficiently wide enough and does it make good use of peer-reviewed sources? I used Google scholar, e-library, books from the library and the refere nces provided in the lecture PowerPoint slides to find suitable reading on children’s drawings and children’s minds and it was sufficiently wide enough. All readings were suitable and related to the essay question. 2/ How does your Introduction orientate the reader? How well do you identify the purpose and scope of the essay, and outline your thesis?My introduction orientates the reader because I stated what the essay was about in general and I stated how it has been addressed by previous researchers. I identified the purpose of the essay well as I addressed the main issue of how it is believed that children’s drawings can explain a child’s cognitions. My thesis was outlined well as I summarised the structure of the essay and what it will include. 3/ What evidence have you used to support your argument and the points or claims you make? Are your sources reliable, and have you cited these at appropriate points throughout the essay using APA style?I used AP A style to cite my sources throughout my essay. I have used evidence from previous studies conducted, journals and books to support my arguments and points made. These are all very reliable sources and have been put in my reference section also. 4/ How well have you critically evaluated your material? I tried to criticise and argue to an extent against as many points and argument as I possibly could in my essay so that more viewpoints come across giving me more to evaluate. 5/ How well have you answered the question and avoided unnecessary digression or irrelevant content?I believe that all of my contents are relevant to the question in one way or another. Every point relates back to what the children’s drawing can tell us about their mind and tried also to explain why when possible. 6/ How well does your conclusion summarise the overall argument and round off the essay? The conclusion summarises the overall argument well as it includes all the main, important parts from each study rounded up into one to make an overall conclusion. The essay is rounded off with a final and straight, simple answer to the essay question. .

How Houston Is Affected By 5 Themes Of Geography Essay

Andrew Minh Khang Nguyen How Houston Is Affected By 5 Themes Of Geography Houston is affected greatly, influenced by, and is shaped by the 5 crucial themes of geography. Not only that, Houston thrives by and grows by the major themes of geography. All the important themes of geography; Location, Places, Human/Environment Interactions, Movement, and Regions, effect and make Houston as a city of it is today. It is because of these themes that make Houston one of the most positive locations to live in. Where is Houston, Texas exactly, or its absolute location? It is at 29.7628 degrees North, 95.3831†¦show more content†¦While the average high in January, the coldest month, is 62.9  °F (17.2  °C) and the low 43.2  °F (6.2  °C), Houston sees an average of 18 days per year of freezing temperatures. Snow is extremely unusual in Houston. Light snow has fallen approximately 35 times since 1895. Houston has a very diverse and distributed population of 49.3% White (including Hispanic Latino), 25.3% African American, 0.4% Native American, 5.3% Asian), 0.1% Pacific Islander, 16.5% from other races, and 3.2% from 2 or more races. 37% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race. Racial and ethnic diversity in Houston increases further from the center of the city. Houston has had a troubled past with pollution of many types, mainly of its oil and petrochemical industries, which leading contributors to the city’s economy. As a result, Houston introduced many programs since the 2000 federal order to reduce air pollution in the city, particularly the METRORAIL light rail project. Heat stroke can strike people who stay out of doors for long periods of time during the summer so hydration is essential for outdoor work and recreational activity. Most workers are relatively unaffected by the heat since they spend the hottest part of the day indoors in air conditioning. 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