Friday, December 27, 2019

WorldCom Fraud Case Essay - 2223 Words

In 1983, while in a small coffee shop in Hattiesburg Mississippi, Bernard Ebbers developed the business concept that would eventually become the second largest long distance telephone company in the United States, WorldCom (Romar and Calkins). In 2002, the company that Bernard Ebbers grew from the ground up declared the largest bankruptcy in United States history. The unethical and illegal accounting treatments that WorldCom participated in eventually led to the demise of the company and a new company, MCI, rising from the rubble of what was WorldCom. There were two main issues that provided pressure for the senior executives at WorldCom to commit fraud. WorldCom became the second largest long distance telephone company because of its†¦show more content†¦The acquisition on MCI provides just one example of how WorldCom’s senior management failing at meeting these merger and acquisition challenges. When a long-time WorldCom customer called one of the newly acquired MCI customer service centers, he was told that he was not a customer, and if he was, he had called the wrong office because the office he called only handled MCI accounts (Moberg and Romar). There is no doubt that WorldCom had significant talent in buying out competitors, but the company was clearly not up to the task of merging the companies (Moberg and Romar). â€Å"Dozens of conflicting computer systems remained, local systems were repetitive and failed to work together properly, and billing systems were not coordinated† (Moberg and Romar). The aggressive acquisition strategy that WorldCom was implementing was put into jeopardy in 2002 when the federal government refused to let WorldCom acquire Sprint (Moberg and Romar). This denial forced WorldCom to focus on creating value from their previously acquired companies that were already poor performing because the mergers were done so carelessly (Moberg and Romar). The second issue that provided the pressure for senior exe cutives to commit fraud was the sweetheart loans that were made to senior executives. Bernie Ebbers, the CEO of WorldCom was offered generous stock options and purchases (Moberg and Romar). This is not necessarily aShow MoreRelatedThe Case About Accounting Fraud At Worldcom1964 Words   |  8 Pagesthe analysis of the case about Accounting Fraud at WorldCom Group member: Weichuan Xu Miao zhou 1. What are the pressures that lead executives and managers to cook the books? Firstly, one of the pressure is the company’s goal that was made by the top executive Ebbers. There is an economic recession and the bubble collapse which make the conditions deteriorate in 2012. He thinks that the company should focus on being the NO.1 stock on Wall street rather than the company’s really good operationRead MoreAccounting Scandal of Worldcom940 Words   |  4 PagesMANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING WORLDCOM How did it cook the books? Nguyen Bao Khanh Student ID: FB60162 Class: FB0662 May 19th, 2012 APENDIX 1. WorldCom’s accounting scandal 2. How did WORLDCOM cook its books? 3. Conclusion WORLDCOM headquarter in Virginia, USA. WORLDCOM’S ACCOUNTING SCANDAL WorldCom, established in 1983, whose CEO was Bernard Ebbers, was the second largest long distance phone company in the US after ATT. It could be seen as a pride of America until it got into oneRead MoreWorld Com Analysis1472 Words   |  6 Pagesexecutives and managers of WorldCom to cook the books. Acquisition of other companies drove WorldCom to spend beyond their means; managers were told to spend whatever was necessary to increase revenue, even if it meant that long-term costs would outweigh the short-term gains. This fiscally unhealthy mentality led to a very bad decision to enter into long-term fixed rate leases for network capacity with extensive punitive termination provisions. Once the market for WorldCom s services started to coolRead MoreWorldcom Failure1198 Words   |  5 PagesWorldCom Failure in relation to its Organizational Behavior LDR/531 - Organizational Leadership October 7, 2010 WorldCom Failure in relation to its Organizational Behavior INTRODUCTION Year 2002 saw an unprecedented number of corporate scandals: Enron, Tyco, Global Crossing, etc. In many ways, WorldCom is just another case of failed corporate governance, accounting abuses, and outright greed. Many people may question if there is a secret to operating a successful business in modern times.Read MoreBusiness Failure of Worldcom in the Light of Organizational Behavior Theories1313 Words   |  5 PagesRunning Head: Examining Business Failures Business Failure of WorldCom in the Light of Organizational Behavior Theories Abstract Business failures occur usually due to lack of organizational leadership and unethical practices prevalent within an organization. Managers and leaders tend to be a lighthouse for any organization and if they adopt unethical ways, then the entire organization suffer from extreme loss and disgrace. WorldComs bankruptcy scandal is a big example of business failureRead MoreRelationship Between Andersen And Worldcom Essay1005 Words   |  5 PagesRelationship between Andersen and WorldCom Andersen was WorldCom’s external auditor from 1990 to 2002. They has shared a good relationship since the time Andersen was found. After MCI had been acquired by WorldCom, Andersen got the position to audit MCI at the cost that WorldCom offered Andersen less amount of auditing service fee than other accounting firms. (ACC guest speaker series presents David Myers.(2009).[Video/DVD] Baylor University). But according to the size of WorldCom, such amount of money couldRead MoreLost insurance benefits as well as retirement benefits tied to WorldCom stock. Shareholders, which1200 Words   |  5 Pagesas well as retirement benefits tied to WorldCom stock. Shareholders, which included many pension funds, lost billions of dollars. The California public-employee’s retirement system, the largest state pension fund in the country, sued in an attempt to regain some of the $580 million it lost in the WorldCom debacle (Ripley 6). The telecommunications industry suffered as well. Industry companies were competing against WorldCom under false pretenses. WorldCom was fraudulently stating its financialsRead MoreFraud : The Perfect Fraud Storm1420 Words   |  6 PagesStatement Fraud Option #2 The perfect fraud storm occurred between the years 2000 and 2002 involving two of the largest energy and telecom corporations in the United States: Enron and WorldCom. It was determined that both organizations fraudulently overstated assets, created assets from expenses or overstated revenues, costing investors billions of dollars and resulting in both organizations declaring bankruptcy (Albrecht, Albrecht, Albrecht Zimbelman, 2012). Nine factors contributed to fraud triangleRead MoreIndustry Specific Changes. The Telecommunications Industry1697 Words   |  7 Pagesproposals are approved on a case-by-case basis (Litan Noll 2004). During the 90s boom, Ebbers and LDDS Communications successfully expands through various acquisitions. By the time the 1996 Telecommunications Act is enacted, competition in the telecommunications industry soared. After the successful acquisitions of MFS Communications and UUNet Technologies, the newly formed WorldCom offers long distance, data communication, and local services. In 1997, WorldCom successfully acquires MCI CommunicationRead MoreDo Big Companies Take So Much From Each Other?1328 Words   |  6 Pagessubsidiary of Verizon Communications. In the article World-Class Scandal At WorldCom by David Hancock he discusses how â€Å"The corporation was formed as a result of the fusion of WorldCom and MCI Communications corporations, and used the name MCI WorldCom for a while and was succeeded by the WorldCom Company, before changing its name on April 12, 2003, as part of the corporation s ending of their bankruptcy status.† WorldCom Inc. began as a small Mississip pi telephone service provider of long distance

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

The Economic Risks Of Argentina - 1013 Words

Argentina has had a very interesting, unpredictable, and faulty economic system is the last century. The country has seen everything from economic superiority in South America to the greatest depression in their current history. Argentina’s economy hit rock bottom in the year of 2002, but in 2012 and the beginning of 2014 Argentina’s government has put into place more strict and reasonable economic policy. (The World FactBook, 2014) This country has the resources to become an emerging economy and join its neighbor, Brazil, in the emerging markets of the world. As of right now, Argentina’s economic growth rate, as measure by GDP (Gross Domestic Product), is trending upwards, but that could be a deceiving trend for companies looking to do business ,and invest, in Argentina. (The World FactBook, 2014) Economic Risks of Doing Business in Argentina Even though Argentina is showing signs of growth, the risk of investing in and doing business in the country is still very high. Euler Hermes, an economic research company, rates the risk level of doing business in Argentina as a D4. (Cazalets, 2014)A D4 rating is the highest risk rating that a country is able to receive. Since this country has such a high risk rating right now, businesses should be cautious and require a high return when investing their assets into the country. If a company is looking for ease of doing business in a South American market, Argentina would be the last country on their list. (World Bank Group, 2014)Show MoreRelatedPolicy Risk of Argentina1307 Words   |  5 Pages Policy risk of Argentina Budgetary policy is lacking of rigor due to the conflict among departments and the restricted import policy. Argentina’s policy remained a controversial conflict between executive department and congress. Because the Kirchner government enjoys a high popularity and controls the majority seats in congress, it passed some controversial legislation, and those actions bring criticism within the country. For instance, in 2012, Kirchner used her executive power to force congressRead MoreArgentina: The Collapse of the Currency Board1595 Words   |  6 PagesArgentina is a large Latin American country located in the southern portion of South America. It is the second largest South American country, and it is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay (Nations Online, n.d.). The country gained its independence from Spain in 1816, maintains a republic government, and, as of 2010, had a population of approximately 40 million (Nations Online, n.d.). It boasts a strong tourist trade as well as exportation to the U.S.Read MoreEssay on Argentinas Economic Disaster: The Government is to Blame1284 Words   |  6 PagesArgentinas Economic Disaster: The Government is to Blame Argentina is a country with rich natural resources and abundant educated and energetic labor. Yet it fails to pull itself out of a recession that has lasted for too many years, according to its citizens. Many blame the International Money Fund (IMF), foreign influence, or political corruption for their monetary woes. However, others believe that the Argentinean government is to blame for the high unemployment rates and increased povertyRead MoreThe Limits to Macroeconomic Policy Essay1255 Words   |  6 Pagesadvancements have made it easier than ever for monies to traverse national borders quickly and efficiently. This capability facilitates inflows and outflows of capital in response to signals. Not all of these signals are economic yet the effects can have a devastating impact. Assessment Economic crisis has precipitated many changes throughout the course of history. Whether it is the great depression of the 1930’s, the Latin Debt crisis in the early 1980’s or more recently the financial collapse of the URead MoreA Brief Note On Polyethylene : How Does The Industry Work? Essay1676 Words   |  7 Pagessay, if a company serves only the local markets, it would gain a competitive advantage with lower transport costs over those who sell to the international markets. However, the industry faces both industry-level risks and country-level risks. Firstly, in terms of the industry-level risk, polyethylene is an industry that is largely financed by the loss leaders or zero-return players such as the government operators. Thus, it arises fierce competition between the private companies and the governmentsRead MoreA Review On Currency Devaluation1120 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Imagine you are in charge of economic policy in your country. Inflation starts to creep up. The value of your currency is losing ground which is making the debt you incurred even greater. Now your GDP is affected as you struggle, trying to figure out the best response for both short term and long term economic health. This is what Argentina faced in the late 1900’s after many decades of prosperity. Even the best intended responses to an economic crisis may or may not correct the situationRead MoreThe Argentine Debt Restructuring Of Argentina1109 Words   |  5 PagesThe Argentine debt restructuring is a process of debt restructuring by Argentina which began on January 14, 2005, and allowed it to resume payment on the majority of the USD 82 billion in sovereign bonds that defaulted in 2002 at the depth of the worst economic crisis in the nation s history. A second debt restructuring in 2010 brought the percentage of bonds, out of default, to 93%, though ongoing disputes with holdouts remained. Bondholders who participated in the restructuring, accepted repaymentsRead MoreArgentina s Turbulent History Of Economic Crisis Essay1686 Words   |  7 Pages Argentina’s turbulent history of economic crisis are often attributable to government mismanagement and fluctuating commodities prices, which have resulted in the millions to live below the poverty line. Repeated recessions of the 1970s and 1980s, the hyperinflation of 1989-90, the economic crisis of 2001. Argentina is a long way from the turmoil of 2001, but today’s mix of rising prices, wage pressures and the mistrust of the peso have prompted Argentineans to become overrun by a sense of nostalgiaRead Moreâ€Å"Argentina’s Bold Currency Experiment and Its Demise†1020 Words   |  5 PagesMini-Case â€Å"Argentina’s Bold Currency Experiment and Its Demise† Argentina, once the world’s seventh-largest economy, has long been considered one of Latin America’s worst basket cases. Starting with Juan Peron, who was first elected president in 1946, and for decades after, profligate government spending financed by a compliant central bank that printed money to cover the chronic budget deficits had triggered a vicious cycle of inflation and devaluation. High taxes and excessive controls compoundedRead MoreArcor: Global Strategy and Local Turbulence (Abridged)1516 Words   |  7 Pagespresident along with top management must come up with a plan to mitigate future risk, and environmental uncertainty, while also brainstorming new potential strategic options for Arcor to sustain its growth going forward. In order for Arcor to sustain a competitive advantage and gain some leverage, it is recommend that Arcor employ a transnational strategy. There are many ways to reduce uncertainty and mitigate risk when going abroad and entering new territory. First, Arcor must establish relationships

Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Big Data Threat Landscape Of Europe - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Questions: 1) Provide a brief overview of the case study and prepare a diagram for the ENISA Big Data security infrastructure.2) Out of the Top threats which threat would you regard to be the most significant and why?3) Identify and discuss the key Threat Agents. What could be done to minimize their impact on the system? Based on the data provided, discuss the trends in threat probability.4)How could the ETL process be improved? Discuss.5) To sum up, should ENISA be satisfied with its current state of IT Security? Why? Or Why not Answers: Answer 1: ENISA is known as the European Union for Network and Information Security. It is a centre in Europe which consists of expertise of information and network security to protect the member states, citizens of Europe and the private sector of the country.To maintain a good practice for the security of information, ENISA gives recommendations and advices to the organizations and the sectors. The work of ENISA is to improve the condition of critical network and information infrastructure of Europe and helps to implement the relevant legislation of Europe. The Europe member states are enhanced by ENISA by giving a support to the development of communities of cross border to improve the information and network security of Europe. This case study deals with the Big Data Threat Landscape of Europe. Big data are used to organize the data that are stored in the data storage of the organizations and enterprises. Big data deals with group of algorithms, system and technology that are used to collect the data that are unorganized and have a large variety. There are many sources of big data (Bartsch Frey, 2017). The data providers or the generators for big data are sensors of distributed multimedia for Internet of Things, networks and devices of mobile telecommunication, applications of web based and processes that involve distributed business. The use of big data have increased day by day which results in the improvement of the algorithms, system and technology that are associated with big data so that it can reach to a higher level of maturity and development. This case study analyses the threats of all the classes of big data asset that are identified. They are as follows: Threats that are related with big data are different from the threats that that are related to ordinary data. New type of data leakage, degradation and leakage are specific to big data are introduced for outsourcing the frequency of computation of big data and also for replicating the storage of big data. Specific data protection and privacy impacts are there for the big data (Bastl, Mare Tvrd, 2105). The links for data collection is required for parallelization in big data but the data that are additional creates data breaches and leakages. The interest that different owners of assets which include data transformers, providers for storage services, computation and data owners are different and they conflict within themselves (Bendiek, 2015). This makes the situation complex where there is a need of counter measure for security which is to be executed and planned. Simple security and privacy practice would help to decrease the security and privacy risk in the sector of big data. Securities that are stated by default principle can be highly embraced. There is also a comparative study between the counter measures that are identified for big data and the threats that are identified for big data in this case study. The drawback of present counter measure of big data and the requirements for the development of the counter measures that are needed in future are also discussed (Catteddu Hogben, 2015). The trend for present counter measures that are used to adapt the solutions that already exists against the traditional information threats in the environment of big data which mainly focuses on the amount of data is given briefly. The scalability issues are mainly satisfied by this method and does not suits the peculiarities of big data. Big data threat landscape and good practice guide gives an overall discussion about the security that are used in the security process of big data (Christou, 2017). The assets of big data, threats that are exposed to the assets, the agents of threats, risks and vulnerabilities and good practices that are emerged from the researchers in field of big data are studies in this case. The diagram that elaborates the infrastructure of big data that evolves in ENISA (European Union for Network and Information Security) is given below. Figure: ENISA Big Data Security Infrastructure Answer 2: The top threats that are identified in the landscape of big data are of categorized in five groups: Group 1- Loss of information or the damage that is done unintentionally or IT asset threat: The threats that are not caused intentionally are mainly under this category (Eininger, Skopik Fiedler, 2015). The threats that falls under this type of category are: sharing of information or leakage of information that are caused by human errors, information leakage that are caused due to web applications which are mainly caused by the APIs that are unsecured, incorrect adaptation or planning and design that are inadequate. Group 2- Hijacking, interception and eavesdropping: This threat group threat includes changing, manipulating and alteration of communications that happens between two users or parties. Installations of excess software or application tools are not needed for the victims to alter the information (Exchange, 2016). The threats that falls under this category are: information interception is most common of all the threats that are faced by big data. The inter node communications that are related to big data are considered as unsecured that uses big data tool for communicating. Group 3- Nefarious activities and abuse: The threat that comes from the nefarious activities comes under this group of threat (Hnisch Rogge, 2017). The attacker performs action to alter the victims infrastructure with the use of special tools, application or software. The threats that falls under the nefarious activities are: identity fraud, denial of services, infected code, activity or software, using rogue certificates and generations, audit tools that are misused, unauthorized activities and authorization abuse, processes that fails in business. Group 4- Legal threats: The threats of big data that comes from legal implications are that includes regulations and violation of laws, fails to meet the requirements of the contract, legislation of data breach, using intellectual property that are mainly unauthorized, misuse of data that are personal and lastly to obey the court orders and judiciary decisions (Jentzsch, 2016). The threats that are categorized under this group are: violation of regulations and laws, personal data abuse or legislation breach. Group 5- Organizational threats: The threat that comes from the organizational environment is called organizational threats (Kleineidam et al., 2017). The threat that includes in this section is skill shortage. Huge data sets helps to analyze the decrease of innovation and growth productivity of the company. This threat also helps to unlock significant values. Most significant threat- The most significant threat among all five groups of threats is the nefarious activity or abuse group (Kubicek Diederich, 2015). The threat that comes from the nefarious activities comes under this group of threat. The attacker performs action to alter the victims infrastructure with the use of special tools, application or software. The threats that falls under the nefarious activities are: identity fraud, denial of services, infected code, activity or software, using rogue certificates and generations, audit tools that are misused, unauthorized activities and authorization abuse, processes that fails in business. The attackers that target the victims send infected code or some links that to the email ids of the victims. The infected codes that are sent to the victims seem as if they are original code or links that are sent from a known authorized user. The attack hides its identity (Lanfer, 2017). When the user clicks on the links or tries to run the code on own system, the system gets affected and all the personal information and data gets transfer to the attacker and even attacker gets the control of the victims system. Sometimes, after the attack, the attacker even denies that an attack has already occurred leaving no evidence behind. This type of attack is very difficult to identify. Answer 3: Threat Agents are those who are an individual or a group of people that helps to manifest a threat. It is difficult to detect for the victims that from which agent the threats have actually arrived. Threats Agents are: Corporations: The organizations or enterprises that are engaged with tactics or systems those are offensive (Reuter, 2015). In this type of threat agent, the corporations are known as the agents of hostile threat. The main motive of the corporations is to make advantages that are related to competition over the competitors. Cyber Criminals: Cyber criminals are hostile naturally. The main motive of cyber criminals is to gain financially and level of skills of cyber criminals are quite high. All the levels including local, international and national levels are organized by cyber criminals. Cyber Terrorists: The activities of cyber terrorists are expanded and are engaged in cyber attack. The motivation of cyber terrorists can be both as religious and political (Schaumller-Bichl Kolberger, 2106). The capabilities of this threat agent differ from high to low. The critical infrastructures are mainly targeted by the cyber terrorist that includes telecommunications, energy production and public health. Hacktivists: These agents are mainly individuals that take the help of the computer system to promote and protest their cause of hacking. The targets of hackers of online social media are high profile websites, intelligence agencies, military institutions and corporations. Script Kiddies: Script Kiddies are agents that use the process of cyber attack just for fun. Their intention is not to harm other but to just hack for fun. They are usually unskilled who uses programs and scripts to attack networks and computer systems or the servers. Employees: Employees include contractors, organizational staffs and even the security guards of the company (Schneider, 2017). The resource of the company is accessed by the insider employees of the company. Employees are both hostile and non hostile agents of a company. They have some amount of knowledge that helps to attack the assets of their company. Nation States: Nation States have cyber capabilities that are offensive and use these capabilities against adversary. Due to deployment of attacks that are sophisticated, nation state agents have become prominent. These are also known as cyber weapons. Minimize the impact of Threat agents: To minimize the impact of threat agents, certain mitigation processes are used. One of the main processes to mitigate the impact of threat agents is the process of cryptography. The cryptography process is used to prevent the access of unauthorized user and unintentional leakage of data that are sensitive and also the systems. The impact of agents that are related to threats can also be minimized by using secured APIs, planning or designing inadequately, adaptation of improper software. Using processing platforms that are trustworthy are also recommended to mitigate the impact of threat agents (Silva, Rocha Guimaraes, 2016). The big data should be hosted with the ISP or the cloud provider should also be implemented to prevent attacks to cyber space. All the infrastructure should be kept safe by the manufacturers so that the insider threats may not affect the companys infrastructure. Strong hashing function should be implemented in the cloud structure instead of collision and weak pr one hashing algorithm. Answer 4: The European Threat Landscape can be improved by the following ways: If stored processes are used In ETL processing, then a copy of all the input parameters are to be stored in internal variables. The server of SQL often faces parameter sniffing when it exhibits plan of query execution. The number of joins and CTEs are to be limited while working with a single query. The query optimizer starts to choose plans that are sub optimal in SQL server. The update option of auto statistics of the database that is been used should be checked and turned on. The database should always be kept updated. A step should be attached at the end of all the jobs so that the indexes are rebuilt of the reporting tables. The indexes are kept sure using this process. Parallel thread should be utilized to check the ETL logic scheduling (Stupka, Hork Husk, 2017) It is not suggested to all the code at the same time if the codes are not connected to each other. This helps to save time. The ETL code should not be operated with cursor. Cursors should not be used in any ETL processes that are scheduled regularly. The European Threat Landscape should be planned for long term so that it does not get expires in short period of time. The process of ETL should be kept updated along with the updated threats because the agents of threats keep on improving itself with time (Unger, 2014). New attacks are invented with every new attack that is carried out. So to cope with those, the defenders of the attack should be kept updated Answer 5: The current state of ENISA security provides a very good security to the organizations. To maintain a good practice for the security of information, ENISA gives recommendations and advices to the organizations and the sectors. The work of ENISA is to improve the condition of critical network and information infrastructure of Europe and helps to implement the relevant legislation of Europe (Weber Weber, 2015). The Europe member states are enhanced by ENISA by giving a support to the development of communities of cross border to improve the information and network security of Europe. To minimize the impact of threat agents, certain mitigation processes are used. One of the main processes to mitigate the impact of threat agents is to improve the process of cryptography. The cryptography process is used to prevent the access of unauthorized user and unintentional leakage of data that are sensitive and also the systems. The impact of agents that are related to threats can also be minimiz ed by using secured APIs, planning or designing inadequately, adaptation of improper software. Using processing platforms that are trustworthy are also recommended to mitigate the impact of threat agents. The big data should be hosted with the ISP or the cloud provider should also be implemented to prevent attacks to cyber space. The entire infrastructure should be kept safe by the manufacturers so that the insider threats may not affect the companys infrastructure. Strong hashing function should be implemented in the cloud structure instead of collision and weak prone hashing algorithm (Witt Freudenberg, 2016). The mobile internet should be kept secured which has increased to 44 percent of the total incidents that were reported. Because of the technical failures and system failures 70 percent of the attack occurs. The root cause of the cyber attacks are because of technical failures and system failures. The attacks happen mainly because of stations based on mobile and routers and switches. Human errors are also one of the main causes in making the ENISA not a successful one. Almost accounting 2.6 million connection of user are affected to cyber attack due to human error. References Bartsch, M., Frey, S. (2017).State-of-the-art approaches.Incyber strategies for enterprises and authorities(pp. 55-71).Springer Specialties Wiesbaden. Bastl, M., Mare, M., Tvrd, K. (2015).Cybersecurity policy at national, European and international level: a framework analysis.Incyber security(pp. 45-67).Springer Specialties Wiesbaden. Bendiek, A. (2015, December).Digital Agenda and Cybersecurity.In theYearbook of European Integration 2015(pp. 176-181).Nomos publishing company mbH Co. KG. Catteddu, D., Hogben, G. (2015). Cloud computing.Benefits, Risks and Recommendations for Information Security/European Network and Information Security Agency, ENISA (November 2015). Christou, G. (2017).The EU's Approach to Cybersecurity. Eininger, K., Skopik, F., Fiedler, R. (2015).No cyber security without data protection.Data protection and data security,39(11), 723-729. Exchange, p. (2016).Violation of personal rights through the publication of photos on the Internet.Nomos publishing company mbH Co. KG. Hnisch, T., Rogge, S. (2017).IT security in the industry 4.0.InIndustrie 4.0(pp. 91-98).Springer Specialties Wiesbaden. Jentzsch, N. (2016).Competition policy in digital markets: Should data protection play a role?(No. 94).DIW Roundup: Policy in focus. Kleineidam, G., Schmid, LJ, Krasser, M., Koch, B. (2017).Critical infrastructure security requirements for information and communication technology from the perspective of a utility company.e i Electrical Engineering and Information Technology,134(1), 3-13. Kubicek, H., Diederich, G. (2015).Online banking in comparison.InSecurity in Online Banking(pp. 7-19).Springer Specialties Wiesbaden. Lanfer, J. (2017).Cyber-security and the (impotence) power of the state.Insecurity production between state, market and civil society(pp. 47-72).Springer Specialties Wiesbaden. Reuter, C. (2015).Operational Continuity Management in Small and Medium Business Smart Services for Industry 4.0.Mensch und Computer 2015-Workshopband. Schaumller-Bichl, I., Kolberger, A. (2016).Information Security Risk Analysis in complex systems-new challenges and solutions.InGI anniversary(pp. 609-617). Schneider, F. (2017).Reporting requirements in IT security law.Nomos publishing company mbH Co. KG. Silva, KC, Rocha, AA, Guimaraes, FQ (2016, May).Trust in the Cloud from the Sec-SLA in various models as deployment and service.InProceedings of the XII Brazilian Symposium on Information Systems on Brazilian Symposium on Information Systems: Information Systems in the Cloud Computing Era Volume 1(pp. 329-336).Brazilian Computer Society. Stupka, V., Hork, M., Husk, M. (2017, August).Protection of personal data in security alert sharing platforms.InProceedings of the 12th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security(p.65).ACM. Unger, WJ (2014).Cyber Defense - a national challenge.S F Security and Peace,32(1), 8-16. Weber, A., Weber, D. (2015, December).Governance of critical information technology in open networks.InResponsible Innovation(pp. 151-164).Nomos publishing company mbH Co. KG. Witt, T., Freudenberg, P. (2016).NIS policy.Computer and Law,32(10), 657.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Rail Yard Hymns by Burnside Hooker free essay sample

The sensational debut album of indie acoustic band Burnside Hooker has arrived! A play on the names of two Confederate Civil War generals – Ambrose Burnside and Joseph Hooker – their â€Å"Rail Yard Hymns† marches on like an army. And pumped with country flavor, modern sound, and outright fun, it’s a hotspot for musical fun and fiesta. Even better, the band sounds great. Lead singer Rachel Bonacquisti dazzles every song with a crowning, magnificent voice. But each song is defined by more than the swinging lyrics. Fantastically acoustic and tangible, each song opens up in a new light with ever-dashing instrumentals. Time to lay down your synth-zapping headphones, bud. Actual guitar, viola, drums, cello, and bass shake up the squeeze-line boundaries of what makes country music American, even edging into jazzier realms on occasion. Everything’s so loose and raw (and cough, cough, unedited) that you’re bound to sigh in relief before you run up to cheer on the show. We will write a custom essay sample on Rail Yard Hymns by Burnside Hooker or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page An excitable mix of 10 songs rubs off authentically and sweetly Americana, not to mention that each has an unforgettable story. Opening credits â€Å"Seasick Woman† and â€Å"Ophelia† establish volatile, sizzling soundscapes filled with equal parts howl and haunt. â€Å"Red Betty† is like a classic jaunt into a playful downtown nightclub. â€Å"Strangers† has the ability to make you feel reminiscent euphoria; it’s exciting, bittersweet, and empowering. â€Å"Scars† is ultraviolet energy, lights twinkling then cat-eye fierce. â€Å"Taps† is like a gentle indie anthem, and â€Å"Logan Square† marks the end of a thrilling evolution of sound, the jolly ukulele taking care to promise (thank goodness) a return. It’s final; this album’s lessons, love, and lust offer real hymns to live by.

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Management at J.C. Penney Company, Inc

Management at J.C. Penney Company, Inc Introduction J. C. Penney Company Inc., (JCP) like other chain of companies in the US, has a history of changing its management strategy to suit the growing demand for good governance (Nafziger, 2012). JCP deals in clothing lines and retail business in various countries of investment. Its position in Texas provides it with an opportunity to serve the suburban community and other metropolises around the world. With over 11, 000 stores across US States, JCP sold its merchandise through personal selling.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Management at J.C. Penney Company, Inc specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In 2013, the company indicated interest in Seattles Best Coffee and Portrait Studios. This explains its business strategy that focuses on a variety of products and services for people through the numerous convenient stores distributed in the country (Talley, 2012). Since the 1960’s, JCP has used a similar manag ement style until the 21st century when it realized the importance of incorporating technology in the new democratic style of management. This paper intends to explain the company’s management style including the advertising technique that helps it achieve a competitive advantage. Changes in J.C. Penney’s Management Style Management strategies have direct impacts on organizational performances since inception. JCP incorporated different management styles owing to the changing consumer environment. Two most common strategies adapted by the company include: Acquisitions and Expansion Since 1960, the company acquired The Treasury outlets, but JCP experienced losses by the end of 1962. This involved an agreement between JCP and a General Merchandise Company that offered the company the stores it needed during the period. Within the same period, JCP extensively accessed about 10 stores through a Milwaukee acquisition contract. This provided the company with an opportunity t o venture into the market in Alaska and other states in the US. Besides these acquisitions, JCP equally purchased Supermarkets Interstate. Normally, an independent organization rarely involves the managing director actively in most house businesses. This enables it to grow even in the absence of the founder. At JCP, it was impossible to operate since 1971 following the death of JC Penny (James Cash). For 30 minutes, all stores across the US closed down in honor of JC’s departure. Instead of accruing losses, the company made huge profits since most suppliers and clients paid tribute to the founder of JCP.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Two years later, the company used its profits to increase the number of stores by over 2000. The company’s lack of autonomy ensured that the top management made most decisions. It was difficult to project future outcome s of an action unless an employee had close relations with the top managers. In 1974, the company faced huge losses because of the inflation. Democratic management styles enable people to share ideas in order to avoid the effects of natural occurrences such as inflation. However, this could not happen at JCP. Online Retail In the early 19th century, JCP began direct marketing by merchandizing its products through the internet. Globalization made it easy for JCP to acquire customers and mergers through the internet. It used this platform to sell shops to established brand names, such as Firestone. Its Viewtron Videotex catalog helped the company to acquire new stores and to market its products. The JCPenney National Bank allowed customers to use credit and debit cards for withdrawal and deposits. These automated cards had the company’s name making it possible for JCP to reach out to many clients through virtual techniques (Nelson, 2005). It had to reduce the number of stores i t opened for automotive purposes. Instead, it directed most people to the online portal. The innovative transition displayed JCP’s change strategy. The company reduced dependence on the founder because of his demise. It adapted a new management style that would help it in increasing profits while it remained competitive. Current Management Style JCP’s current management style focuses on e-commerce, endorsement of celebrities for adverts, and diplomacy in business operations. Myron Ullman, the current CEO, uses technology to enhance interpersonal skills. He seeks to improve a management environment created by his predecessor, Ron Johnson. Its website (JCPenneyBrands.com) creates easy accessibility to products and services making information flow fast and effectively (Hellriegel Slocum, 2007). JCP recognizes the efforts of different designers in their clothing industry. This boosts their self-esteem while motivating them to improve. JCP managers realized that democratic leadership was essential for team building and collective growth of the company. A change in strategy began in 2007 when the management sought to introduce innovative and interactive strategies of communicating with clients. The company expected to increase its profit margins after introducing Ron Johnson from Apple Inc. According to experts, the CEO did not offer a guarantee for success in a company that dealt in completely different products and services from Apple Inc. Opinion JCP’s current management strategy includes generation of creative ideas for overall organizational development. However, it uses radical measures including the ability to lay-off workers and reduction of store acquisition.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Management at J.C. Penney Company, Inc specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Even though these strategies contribute towards profitability, they reflect the opinions of the top managemen t. There is a high possibility that JCP will experience a similar style of management as the era of JS Penny. The CEO seeks to make a general overhaul in the company by assuming the status of a â€Å"start up† organization. Senior Management’s Role Senior managers at JCP including the CFO, CEO, and the creative designer often encourage people to make popular decisions. Ron Johnson played a significant role in transforming the organization from a catalog-based retailer to an internet retailer. According to the CEO, each employee needs to be responsible for his/ her actions within the company. The senior managers ensure that employees develop innovative ideas, which the senior team approves. Johnson has the ability to approve the release of company annual reports. This explains why the senior manager laid-off 600 workers in 2013. Johnson equally supports establishment of virtual stores through the internet. In 2012, the company managed to freeze 100 shops and transformed their business transactions to online techniques (Nafziger, 2012). Today, clients consult the company online platform; they make orders, get shipment, and pay through JCP MasterCard. The transition cost the company many resources, acquisition of a CEO with a successful record from Apple, and loss of stores and workers. In essence, it was not a seamless process and JC’s senior staff had to endure many challenges between 2012 and 2013. Among the decisions made by Johnson, change of designs and pricing strategies took precedence. Even as the transition became a success, employees and clients sought for Johnson’s retirement following the radical strategies he used to change the management of the company. This led to a forceful eviction from the company in 2013. It led to a reinstatement of former CEO, Myron Ullman (Talley, 2012). Celebrity Endorsements During marketing, creative designers sometimes use celebrities since they have the ability to create credibility through their charisma. In 2008, JCP used Ralph Lauren Kimora Lee Simmons to brand position the new clothing line for men and children. The two had a significant impact on sales and expansions for JCP. Kimora Lee provided professional advice to consumers and this contributed to one the highest annual sales of Decree and Fabulosity clothing lines. By the end of 2012, the company profit margins increased to 32.5% (Nafziger, 2012). Celebrities have a natural allure for the audiences they command. Similarly, they are likely to influence sales when used for advertising, or selling. There are several avenues of sales promotion, which Johnson never explored. Instead, he concentrated on innovation, and Ullman has the duty to restore the company image, which he initially created during his tenure.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Innovation JCP needs to implement an automated communication system that makes it easy for customers and employees to exchange ideas. Previous innovative strategies failed since the over ambitious Johnson rarely included employees in rational decision-making procedures. Through video-conferencing and virtual messaging, employers and employees will know all activities in the company and contribute towards its collective development. Instead of laying-off workers, the company will employ competent graduates who will increase organizational performance through technological assistance (Talley, 2012). JCP needs to redeem its brand image by increasing the number of employees and enhancing effective communication with clients. Adaptation JCP displays inability to make a rational decision when choosing organizational leaders. It changes its management strategies quickly and makes it difficult for employees to adapt to a single style of management (Nelson, 2005). The continued alteration of CEO’s delays the achievement of organizational goals, and this affects pricing in the company. After reinstating Ullman, JCP should not interfere with his leadership until 3-5 years elapse. Normally, most organizational strategies function for 3 to 5 years making it impossible to replace the CEO even when he/she has a poor management style. References Hellriegel, D., Slocum, J. W. (2007). Organizational behavior. Mason, Ohio: Thomson/South-Western. Nafziger, E. W. (2012). Economic development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Nelson, B. (2005). The Management Bible. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons. Talley, K. (2012, April 5). J.C. Penney Trims Headquarters Staff. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Religion vs. Relationship Professor Ramos Blog

Religion vs. Relationship Summary: Jefferson claims, â€Å"Religion makes you blind, but Jesus makes you see  and thats why religion and Jesus are two different clans. Religion is man searching for God; Christianity is God searching for man.† Jefferson wants people to understand the difference between religion and having a relationship with God. He says Religion says do but Jesus says done. He claims Religion is a hypocritical front people put on to call themselves â€Å"good.†Jefferson makes a statement to let people know that having a personal relationship with Jesus means come as you are. Jefferson states, â€Å"Its not a museum for good people- its a hospital for the broken.† Church shouldn’t feel like a place to come because we are perfect, but instead a place to be real and come as you are even if that means you are broken. Religion is the infection while God’s grace is the cure. Its not about what you’ve done but what Jesus has already done for us. Response:   We agree with what Jefferson is trying to proclaim. People can have their opinions on religion whether its good or bad. Jefferson really lightens up the perspective of just the simplicity of knowing Jesus without all the rules and regulations religion brings to the table. Religion can become like a front making it seem like it’s all okay when in reality people are hurting inside. Now people will have there different opinions on what they believe and thats okay. I believe that Jefferson does a good way of using Ethos to grab the audience attention to try and get people to think differently about religion and start looking at the words and life Jesus lived.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Patient Diagnosed with Hyponatremia, UTI, Confusion and Alzheimer Essay

Patient Diagnosed with Hyponatremia, UTI, Confusion and Alzheimer - Essay Example Therefore, I will give a thorough analysis of Mrs. M’s condition as I plan the bathing activity and its application. My roles in caring for Mrs. M include ensuring that her dignity and privacy are upheld. More importantly, a patient centered care approach is applied. The care will focus on making the patient safe because of the risks associated with her condition. I am obliged to adhere to the legal and ethical code of conduct while caring for my patient and this includes ensuring confidentiality and respecting her. I will also play the role of ensuring that the care of the patient is documented. Cooney, A, et al. (2000) explain that the Roper -Logan-Tierney model of nursing provides that nurses must document the care that is provided to elderly patients with mental illness. This is important because it provides a point of reference that is important for the management of the patient’s condition. Furthermore, I will be responsible of reporting signs of possible deterior ation of the patient’s condition. The love and belonging needs as stipulated by Maslow’s hierarchy of needs are important to the patient especially due to the fact that she lives alone. During the treatment, I will play the role of ensuring that the patient feels loved and cared for so that her social needs are achieved or met. Moreover, Maslow’s theory which describes safety needs can be used to evaluate Mrs. M. The patient has a risk of falling due to the confusion and hyponatremia that she has. As a result, it becomes necessary for me to put the safety of the patient as a one of the top priorities during the nursing care. Mrs. M has a son and a daughter. The assistance that the patient’s daughter gives her illustrates that she has emotional support and love from her family. Sutcliffe (2011) explains that the role of family members in taking care of elderly patients is very important because their social well being is determined by the love and support they get from those who are close to them. Mrs. M lives in Glasgow which is a nice neighborhood with favorable cultural and social factors. This contributes significantly to her psychological and social well being. It is therefore my role to take advantage of the social benefits that the patient has to enhance her wellness and health. I will play this role by encouraging the patient’s daughter to spend more time with her and talk about good moments. This would cause her to be more relaxed and less confused and thus help her to be free from the risks which are associated with her condition. The fact that Mrs. M does not smoke illustrates that her health behavior reduces the risks of quick deterioration of her health. According to Murphy, Gretebeck and Alexander (2007), patient centered care of elderly patients should involve plenty of communication between the care provider and the patient. The role of communication in the care of my patient is very significant due to the conf usion that she often experiences. Through effective communication, I would be able to explain things that are confusing to the patient and therefore enable her to understand her surrounding well. This will help to reduce the risk of falling especially during the bath. Moreover, it is through good communication with my patient that I will be able to determine her health condition, needs, feelings and desires. I will be able to attain the trust of the patient if